The article deals with the development of housing stock following the changing energy standard over the years in the territory of today's Czech Republic. The differences in analyzed types of urban structure are outlined on the basis of reference examples from key periods of Czech history. The article is focused on the progression of building technologies of the new residential buildings, which were distinctive for each discussed period after 1945 up to now. The text is focused on the housing quarters from the period of socialist realism of the 1950s, the mass development of prefabricated housing estates (from 1960s to 1980s) and the period after 1989 up until today. The paper follows the trend of building material usage, building envelope structures, the progress of energy performance of buildings and thermal technical requirements over the years. The article states part of the results of a theoretical survey of doctoral research exploring the current state of the housing stock in the Czech Republic.