As many studies refer in 2050 there will be still 87% of existing buildings, one of the effective ways how to make our cities sustainable is to focus on the issue of sustainable refurbishment. This paper focuses on the scale of urban block which pattern is so characteristic for the cities in middle Europe. In nature ecosystems are characterized by complex chains of metabolic cycles, feedback loops and circular metabolism. Ecosystems are open and dynamic complex systems. That`s why an ecosystem model is assessed as appropriate for an issue of refurbishment. When the social, economic and ecological aspects are included in the design than such refurbishment can be called sustainable. Turning urban block into ecosystem is a complex approach trying to find the way how to regenerate existing urban block to habitable vivid climate benefit area. This goal can be achieved by supporting social interactions, local economics, offering quality standard of living in the city and also by improving the local climate and reducing air pollution. The later is possible to reach for example by using vegetation and climate benefit materials in building itself and in surrounding urban area. This paper focuses not only on refurbishment of urban blocks from 17th and 18th century but also on blocks and urban areas built during the socialism era - inspired by ideas of modernism. Refurbishment focused on socialistic blocks and urban areas is supposed to be the most problematic and discussed issue in Czech Republic.