Spatial planning in the Czech Republic uses the regional plans Development Principles to ensure sustainable regional development. The Development Principles delimit Development Areas and Urban Centers the areas of future concentrations of development activities. We assume that these instruments can help increase commuting-related transport energy efficiency. To test the assumption we propose three scenarios: Trend scenario, Development Areas scenario and Urban Centers scenario. The scenarios represent different spatial distribution of economic and residential activities in Karlovy Vary region as expected in the future. We evaluate these scenarios using a double-constrained transportation model and evaluate the resulting spatial pattern of energy consumption, modal-choice based adaptation and sensitivity of potential accessibility to changes in car transportation costs. The results reveal that concentration of economic and residential activities in Development Areas and Urban Centers generally increases commuting-related transport energy efficiency, but often decreases the efficiency in peripheral areas of the region. We conclude that all planning policies aiming at concentrated development should be carefully evaluated to increase transportation energy efficiency, but also to prevent increasing spatial disparities of transport energy efficiency of peripheral areas.